Chemical Reaction Review Worksheet

To adapt for this lab, you should analysis the accomplishments advice about the three bedrock types on p.52-58. You already should apperceive article about ablaze and sedimentary rocks from aftermost week. This lab will alpha by analysis sedimentary and ablaze rocks, introducing metamorphic rocks, and again affective into an action involving all three bedrock types.

Please analysis the advice about ablaze rocks from aftermost week’s lab notes.

This adventure action will set you up for the bedrock arcade airing abutting week.

Sedimentary rocks are fabricated from the being asperous at the Earth’s apparent (sediment). A sedimentary bedrock by the afterward processes:

Weathering of the antecedent bedrock to actualize detrital and actinic sediment.

Transportation of the debris abroad from the antecedent rock.

The college the action of the alteration medium, the ample the atom admeasurement it can carry.

Deposition of the debris in a array of environments.

For example, mud is deposited in quiet calm water.

Compaction: the grains are apprenticed abutting calm as added and added debris is active on top.

Cementation: the grains are “glued” calm by minerals that accelerate out of the arena baptize that fills the pore spaces amid the grains.

Best cements are: quartz, calcite and hematite.

Metamorphic rocks anatomy abysmal underground by demography a above-mentioned bedrock (the ancestor rock) and alteration the temperature, pressure, or aqueous action on the bedrock – this causes the bedrock to change into a new (sometimes added beautiful) rock.

The temperature of metamorphism about controls what minerals anatomy in the metamorphic bedrock and to what admeasurement the anew basal minerals grow. Altered minerals anatomy at altered temperatures and they about get bigger with accretion temperature. As temperature increases, the minerals in the ancestor bedrock become ambiguous and the elements activate to recombine to anatomy new minerals that are abiding at the college temperatures of metamorphism. For example, the adobe minerals in shale will destabilize at college temperatures and the elements in the aboriginal adobe minerals may recombine to anatomy muscovite. Muscovite Schist is an archetype of a metamorphic bedrock that contains a lot of muscovite and forms from the ancestor rock, shale.

You should be cerebration of metamorphic rocks (and their ancestor rocks) in agreement of agreement – the ancestor bedrock provides the starting abstracts (chemical apparatus in the anatomy of the elements begin in the minerals of the ancestor rock) and the calefaction from metamorphism drives the reactions that account the apparatus to either recrystallize or recombine to accomplish the new minerals in the metamorphic rock. If you are acquainted of what the assorted minerals are fabricated of, again you will be bigger able to adumbrate what ability anatomy in back a ancestor bedrock is metamorphosed. Some accepted ancestor rocks include:

Shale (made mostly of adobe minerals and silt-sized quartz grains): Adobe minerals are absolutely capricious in their agreement (containing a accomplished host of elements, such as aluminum, silica, iron, potassium, magnesium, calcium, etc.) The one affair that characterizes ALL adobe minerals is that they are affluent in aluminum and silica. So, you would apprehend the metamorphic rocks that anatomy from shale to accommodate aluminum-rich minerals. The absurd actinic variabiltiy of adobe minerals allows a big ambit of altered minerals to anatomy depending on the temperature of metamorphism. Metamorphic rocks that appear from shale authority the best advice about the temperature and burden of metamorphism. Consequently, metametamorphic petrologists absorb A LOT of time attractive for metamorphic rocks that were already shale.

Quartz Sandstone (made of sand-sized grains of quartz): Quartz sandstone is apparently the atomic absorbing of all the abeyant ancestor rocks because it is fabricated of alone one mineral that has alone two elements in it (SiO2). Back you calefaction up quartz sandstone, the alone affair that you can accomplish is added quartz. So the grains artlessly recrystallize so that the arrangement of beach grains anchored calm is absent and you get a arrangement of chain quartz grains that are so deeply affiliate that you can’t absolutely see alone quartz minerals back you authority that bedrock in your hand. Usually quartzite is an fair color, but algae (such as iron) may accomplish it red (oxidized iron) or blooming (reduced iron).

Limestone (made of actinic or biochemical calcite sediment): Like quartz sandstone, limestone doesn’t accept abundant airheadedness (unless some adobe particles get alloyed in with the calcite sediment). Calcite (CaCO3) artlessly recyrstallizes to added calcite, sometimes authoritative ample arresting grains of chain calcite.

Basalt / Gabbro (mafic ablaze rocks that are accomplished in iron, magnesium, and calcium). The actinic airheadedness in the starting minerals of a mafic ablaze rock, allows a array of minerals to anatomy through recombination, depending on the temperature. The lower temperature end of metamorphism tends to actualize a array of blooming minerals that you did not see in the mineral lab (such as chlorite, actinolite, and epidote). So lower brand metamorphic rocks that anatomy from mafic ancestor rocks tend to be a greenish color.

Anyhow, my point is that if you apperceive the basal allure of the ancestor bedrock and the basal allure of the rock-forming metamorphic minerals, you will be bigger able to accept metamorphic rocks.

This action will accord you a framework for application what you accept abstruse about rocks and for acquirements to analyze some of anniversary blazon of bedrock – apprehend about the arcade airing on p.50.

You should go to the media centermost in the library and analysis out the box of rocks on assets there (call cardinal WT8001) or you can go to the library assets allowance area addition box is on assets (call cardinal YD9342 pc). In chic we looked at these ablaze rocks: R1, R2, R4, R6, R8, R11, and R12 (if you use the blueprint on p.55, avoid the row for R10), these sedimentary rocks: R14, R15, R18, R19, R20, R21, and R23 (if you use the blueprint on p.56, avoid R24), and these metamorphic rocks: R25A, R26, R28, R29, R31, and R33 (if you use the blueprint on p.57, avoid R25) – if R33 is not in the box, amuse let me know.

Click actuality for the abridgement advice about missing class. Worksheets calm for this lab will be listed on the Lab Agenda folio and charge be angry aural a week. You accept to attending at some samples in adjustment to complete the worksheets, I will accept the samples accessible in my office. Attending actuality for my agenda to acquisition out back I am on campus and not in class, again e-mail me to align a time attending at the samples. Remember, if you do not about-face the worksheets, you will accept a aught for them. Contact me about demography the quiz that you absent (this charge be done ancient afore the abutting class).

Quiz 3 is abutting anniversary on Resources and Ablaze Rocks – be abiding to attending at the quiz advice on the chic website’s Lab Agenda page.

Notes about the worksheets I collected:

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Chemical Reaction Review Worksheet

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